The International Monetary Fund believes that Namibia has no reason to issue retail CBDC

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) believes that Namibia has no compelling reason to issue retail central bank digital currency (CBDC). Instead, the focus should be on strengthening instant payment solutions (IPS) to address affordability and interoperability issues. The IMF emphasizes that Namibia's main financial institutions are already committed to instant payment solutions (IPS), so there is little room for retail CBDCs. In addition, the advantages of CBDCs, such as offline functionality, depend on technologies not yet ready for large-scale adoption. To truly eliminate the financial exclusion gap, Namibia must first address fundamental reasons such as inadequate infrastructure and low levels of financial literacy.